Estevanico
From Mw
Estevanico also know as Estevan, Esteban, Estebanico, Black Stephen, Stephen the Moor. He was a muslim of Moroccoan descent and his real name was Mustafa Zemmouri
| History of Islam In America | |
|---|---|
| The Beginnings | 1312–1600 |
| Native Americans and Islam | 1300–1900 |
| Muslims First Journey To America | 1312 CE (711 AH) |
| Christopher Columbus | 1492 CE (897 AH) |
| Estevanico | 1538 CE (944 AH) |
| Slavery in the Americaas | 1538 CE (944 AH) |
| Melungeons | 1600 CE (1008 AH) |
| Blackamoor | 1639 CE (1048 AH) |
| Islam In America 18th Century | 1700–1799 |
| Mahomet Weyonomon | 1708 CE (1119 AH) |
| Lamine Jay | 1730 CE (1142 AH) |
| Job Ben Solomon Jallo | 1730 CE (1142 AH) |
| Abel Conder | 1753 CE (1166 AH) |
| Kunta Kinte | 1767 CE (1180 AH) |
| Runaway Slaves | 1769–1790 |
| Peter Saleem | 1775 CE (1188 AH) |
| Ibrahim Abd ar-Rahman | 1788 CE (1202 AH) |
| Yusef Ben Ali | 1790 CE (1204 AH) |
| Islam In America 19th Century | 1800–1899 |
| Salih Bilali | 1803 CE (1217 AH) |
| Yarrow Mamout | 1807 CE (1221 AH) |
| Abraham of the Micanopy Indian Tribe | 1812 CE (1226 AH) |
| Umar ibn Said | 1770–1864 |
| Lamine Kebe | 1835 CE (1250 AH) |
| Islam In America 20th Century | 1900–1999 |
| Islam In America 21st Century | 2000–Present |
Cabeza de Vaca described his explorer companion as follows:
"Estevanico was a large and powerful man, blessed with a shrewd and quick mind." Estevanico was an excellent linguist and was able to quickly learn the languanges of the Native Americans. Estevanico undertook the role of scout and mediator in the explorations of the Cabeza de Vaca party.
- 1513: Estevanico was a ??? he was captured and enslaved by the Portuguese
- 1520: Estevanico was purchased as a personal slave by Andres Dorantes de Carranza, a captain in the Spanish infantry
- 1527: Andres Dorantes de Carranza heard the stories about the New World and joined the expedition, with his slave Estevanico, to the New World which was lead by Pamfilo de Narvaez
- June 17, 1527: Pamfilo de Narvaez leaves Spain from Cadiz with 300 men, including Andres Dorantes and his slave, Estevanico. The expedition and Estevanico reach Hispaniola where they stay for over 1 month.From Hispaniola they travel to Santiago, Cuba on to Trinidad
- 1528 April 12: Pamfilo de Narvaez and Andres Dorantes and his slave, Estevanico arrive in Florida in the vicinity of Tampa Bay. The men disembark and the land is claimed for Spain
- May 1, 1528: Narvaez announces his plans for the expedition to split between land and sea expeditions. Various disasters befall the expedition which eventually result in the party which includes Andres Dorantes and his slave, Estevanico is whittled down from 80 men to 15 men and finally, to an expedition of just four men who are captured by natives
- The four remaining explorers, thought to include the first Europeans and black slave in Texas, were:
- Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
- Estevanico
- Alonzo del Castillo Maldonado
- Andres Dorantes de Carranza
- Estevanico and the other survivors live on the Isle of Misfortune as slaves but after a year escape to the mainland. They spend the next eight years in abject hardship exploring the land of Texas and Mexico, living and trading with the natives. Estevanico is viewed as a medicine man by the Avavares tribe
- January 1536: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Estevanico, Alonso del Castillo and Andres Dorantes meet Spanish soldiers of New Spain in what is now the State of Sinaloa in northwest Mexico
- February 1536: The four explorers arrive at Culiacan, a frontier outpost of New Spain
- July 1536: Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Estevanico, Alonso del Castillo and Andres Dorantes were welcomed to Mexico City by Hernan Cortes and Antonio de Mendoza, the Viceroy of New Spain
- 1536: Estevanico is given his freedom
- 1539: Estevanicohe accompanies Fray Marcos of Nice as a guide to the Seven Cities of Cibola in western New Mexico
- 1539: Leading the expedition as a guide he reached Hawikuh which was the southern-most of the seven cities
- 1539: Estevanico is killed by the natives in Hawikuh, New Mexico
